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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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ILLUSION
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00266_Text_re23t.txt
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1996-12-31
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A similar effect is illustrated by
the figure shown here. A shape
is seen for which much of the
contour is not present. To
perceive this shape, one must
reverse figure and ground since
at the outset the colored
regions, being surrounded by
white, are favored as figure.
This effect is referred to as that
of illusory contours. While it
was first reported years ago, the
current interest was ignited by
striking black-and-white
figures such as those created by
Gaetano Kanizsa. In those cases
as well as in the figure seen
here, not only does one see
contours that are not present,
but the figure thus defined
acquires a lightness different
from that of the surrounding
screen, which has the same
physical reflectance. In this
illustration, the white figure
looks whiter than the white
screen.
The explanation of this effect
is in dispute. Based on research
I conducted with Richard
Anson, my own view is that
perceiving the figure with its
illusory contour is an elegant
solution to the problem of what
such a retinal image might
represent. That stimulus after
all is ambiguous, and at first
one may tend to perceive the
isolated colored fragments. But
the illusory figure percept
integrates all fragments into
one coherent solution and
accounts both for alignment of
some of the contours with one
another and for the
incompleteness of various
fragments. Thus, in the figure
at left, instead of perceiving
four colored pies with sectors
missing, one perceives a solid
white rectangle covering four
colored spheres.